Distributional Regime Persistence
Geometric Market Memory and Its Forecasting Limits
Distributional persistence captures realized market stress and model disagreement; incremental volatility-forecast gains are not stable.
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Rolling empirical return distributions are located between low- and high-volatility Wasserstein prototypes. The resulting recovery times and cumulative excess memory are compared with an ordered, variance-targeted Markov-switching GJR-GARCH model across the S&P 500, FTSE 100, Nikkei 225, and Hang Seng.
Raw persistence is strongly scale-related. The S&P 500 COVID episode supplies the strongest evidence of a positive distribution-lagging recovery gap. Strictly real-time evaluation, however, finds no stable incremental forecasting gain after multi-horizon volatility history is observed.